Window-screen



(No Model.)

J. MARTIN, Jr.

WINDOW SCREEN.

No. 361,883. Patented Apr. 26, 1887.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN MARTIN, JR., OF ALLEGHENY CITY, PENNSYLVANIA.

WINDOW-SCREEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 361,883, dated April 26, 1887.

n Application [ilel November 8, 1886. Serial No. 218,251. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, JOHN MARTIN, Jr., of Allegheny City, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Vindow-Screens; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to window-screens employed to prevent the entrance of insects or dust or dirt into apartments. These screens are generally formed of a frame and a coveringof .wire-gauze, and as heretofore employed have either been mounted on guides permanently secured to the window-frame, and extending about one-half way up the same, so that they could he raised on the guides until freed therefrom and so removed from the window, orthey mayhave been permanentlyhin'ged to the window-frame, it being necessary in the latter case to nnscrew the hinges in order to remove the screen. In the practical use of these screens it has been found desirable to have the screen protect the entire window, so that either sash of the window could be opened to admit air, the only means heretofore devised for accomplishing this being to form the screen the full size of the window-frame, which was expensive, and for the purpose of cleaning the windows this was found extremely objectionable where these screens were iirmly secured in place, and in such case, in order to provide for the cleaning` of the windows, it was neces` sary to hinge the entire screen. The hinged screen has been found objectionable because, in order to arrange for the cleaning of the windows, the entire window was opened, and in such case many insects were liable to enter the apartment, so that the screen mounted on guides and protecting the lower part of the window has been generally employed.

The object of vmy invention is to provide a screen which covers only one-half of the window and which can be employed to prevent the entrance of insects either in the upper or the lower portion thereof, and at the same time can beswung out of the way for the purpose of cleaning the windows or obtaining access through the same without the necessity of raising the same out of its guides, as has heretofore been found necessary where the screens covering half of the window were mounted on guides.

To these ends my invention consists, generally, in combining with the window-frame,hav ing guides thereon, a screen sliding in or on said guides, so that it can be raised to protect the upper sash, if desired, the said screen having springs pressing against the guides on the frame to hold the screen in whatever position desired, and hinge devices on the frame and screen adapted to engage and permit the screen to swing open.

It also consists in an improved form of hinge having an elongated socket whereby by pressing the screen toward one side of the frame it will be disengaged from one guide on the frame and willswing in the hinges, so that the screen may be opened.

It also consists in other improvements, as hereinafter specically set forth.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention,l will describe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a perspective view of a windowframe, showing the screen swinging on its hinges. Fig. 2 is a face view of awindowframe, showing the screen partly raised, so as to protect the upper sash ot" the window. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the window-frame and screen. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail perspective views of the hinge devices employed. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view, partly broken away, showing the spring employed with the screen; and Fig. 7 is a view of a modification of my invention.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

In employing my improved screen I provide it with guides a a on its side edges, which engage with guides b b, extending the entire length of the windowframe, so that when the screen engages with these guides it can be raised to the top of the window and so protect the upper sash. I prefer to employ tongueguides on the window-frame and grooves in the edges ot' the sash, as shown in Figs. l to 6, and I form within one guide, a, of the window-screen springs d, fitting in sockets at the base of the guide-groove and pressing against the\guidebar b ou the sash, and so acting to press the opposite end of the screen against the guide-bar or tongue b of the frame and hold the screen in any desired position on said guides. The springs d employed are preferably spiral springs, having enlarged heads d, so

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as to press against a larger surface of the. guide'- bar b, though any suitable form of springsuch as a flat spring-may be employed for the purpose. I find it only necessary to provide the screen with one such spring at or near the upper end thereof and a like spring at or near the lower end thereof, and as the heads of the springs extend out into the guide-groove a of the screen they will support the screenv in whatever position it is placed.

rIhe windowscreen is pivoted to the windowframe by suitable loose hinges, the hinges having the'pintle portions e secured to the screen and the socket portions f secured to the window-frame, the preferable construction of these hinges being particularly shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the pintles e entering the sockets f when the screen is brought to its lowest position, but the pintles being raised out of the sockets when the screen is raised, as shown in Fig. 2. The sockets f are formed elongated, so as to provide space for the lateral or side movementof the pintles therein; and when it is desired to o open the screen, so that it will swing away from the window, all that is necessary .is to draw on the free end of the screen toward the hinged end and compress the springs d until the groove a' is freed from the guide tongue or bar b', the pintles e sliding within the sockets f', and so permitting this side movement of the screen; and assoon as the screen is freed from .the guide-bar b it can swing open, as shown in Fig. 1, thus givingfree access to the window for permittingthe cleaning of the same. Forthis purpose the screen is provided with ythe handle g, and in order to raise the screen it is generally provided with the handle 71l on the base-bar. The socket portions j' of the hinges have preferably the form shown in Figs. 4 and 5, having the central extensions, i, corresponding to the guide-bar b on the frame, and forming the parts of said guide-bar when secured tov theframe, and by so constructing them the guide for the screen is formed continuous.

In Fig. 7 is shown another form of my invention, in which it is only4 necessary to employ the loose or free hinge. In this construction the guide b at the free end of the screen is formed of a grooved bar, and .the screen is provided with two or more spring-bolts, k, the ends of' which enter the groove in the guide-bar and so hold the screen in engagement therewith, and in such case it is not necessary to employ the hinge having the elongated slot-,an ordinary free hinge having a socket into which the pintle may enter when the screen is brought to its lowest position being all that is necessary, though in employing this form of my invention I prefer to employ such hinge having an elongated socket, and the spring cl to press against the guidebar b, as in such construction the screen obtains a greater hold upon the guide-bars and is so supported more firmly when raised to theupper part of the frame. l

When my improved screen is in use in its normal position, its base rests on the base of the window-frame, the pintles e tting within the sockets f of the hinges, and the guidegrooves of the screen being held in connection with the guide-bars on the frame by the pressure of the springs d within the screens. In case it is desired to lower the upper sash of the window, and at the same timeprevent the entrance of any insects through the opening so formed, all that is necessary is to raise the screen on its guides to the upper part of the frame until it comes in contact with the top of the frame, and it will be held in this position by the springs d pressing against the guide-bar b, and so pressing the face of the guide-grooved against the guide-bar b. The screen can thus be raised or lowered into essary to swing the screen out from thelwindow, all that is-neeessary is to draw on the handle g, so drawing the screen toward the hinged end thereofand compressing the springs d, the pintles e' moving in the elongated slots f, and t-he screen being thus freed from the guide-bar b,so that it can swing away from the window. y

When the form of screen as shown in Fig. 7 is employed, and :it is desired to open the screen, all that is necessary is to draw the bolts k out of the groove in the guide bwl1en the screen is freeto swing out, as above described. -The screen thus acts to protect both the upper and the lower sash and to give access to the window for cleaning or lfor other purposes, this being accomplished by the employment of a simple and inexpensive means which will not add materially to the cost of the screen. Y

What I claim as my invention, and desire t secure by Letters Patent, is l. The combination, with a window-frame having guides, ofascreen provided with guides engaging therewith, and springs pressing against one or both guides, and the loose hinges having elongatedslots and pintles which enter said slots to permit the swinging of the screen, substantially as set forth. p

2. rlhe combination'of a window-frame `having guides, and a screen provided with guides engaging therewith, with a hinge having a socket portion with an elongated slot therein and a pintle portion which enters said. slot, one of said portions being attached to the frame and the other to the screen, whereby the screen may be moved laterally, soas to be swung open, substantially as described.

3. The improved hinge for window-screens herein described, having the portion secured to the window-frame` provided with a projecting guide portion, z', corresponding to and forming part of the guide on the frame for the screen, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I, the said JOHN MAR- TIN, Jr., have hereunto set my hand.

Witnesses: JGHN MARTIN, JR.

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